Motivation to learn: an international multilevel study on student autonomy and teacher emphasis on content usefulness / Motivación para aprender: un estudio internacional multinivel sobre la autonomía de los estudiantes y el énfasis de los docentes en la utilidad del contenido

En la educación superior, pocos estudios relacionan factores contextuales en la clase, como el énfasis del profesor en la utilidad del contenido y las características motivacionales de los estudiantes. El objetivo fue probar un modelo multinivel sobre la relación entre el énfasis del docente en la utilidad del contenido durante la clase, la autonomía de los estudiantes y, a su vez, la motivación para aprender. Participaron 3033 estudiantes universitarios matriculados de 1º a 4º grado de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, de universidades de España (N = 602), Portugal (N = 469), México (N = 1177), Chile (N = 372), y Brasil (N = 413). Se realizó un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales multinivel, en el que los participantes respondieron preguntas sobre el énfasis del profesor en la utilidad del contenido de la clase, la autonomía y la motivación para aprender. Se hipotetizó que el énfasis del profesor en la utilidad del contenido predecía la autonomía del estudiante que, por su vez, predecía la motivación para aprender. Los resultados, a nivel grupal e individual, indican que el énfasis del docente en la utilidad del contenido predijo la autonomía del estudiante, y la autonomía predijo la motivación para aprender.(AU)

Teacher autonomy support is related to improved student learn-ing. In higher education, few studies relate classroom contextual factors, such as teacher emphasis on content usefulness, and students' motivational characteristics. The aim was to test a multilevel model about the relation between the extent of teachers’ emphasis on the usefulness of class con-tent with student autonomy, and, in turn, on motivation to learn. The par-ticipants were 3033 university students enrolled from 1st to 4th grade of Sciences of the Physical Activity and Sport, from universities in Spain (N = 602), Portugal (N = 469), Mexico (N = 1177), Chile (N = 372), and Brazil (N = 413). A multilevel structural equation model was performed, in which participants answered questions about the teacher's emphasis on the use-fulness of class content, basic psychological need for autonomy, and moti-vation to learn. At the group and individual levels, the hypothesis is that the teacher's emphasis on the usefulness of class content predict the stu-dent autonomy, in turn, student autonomy predicts student motivation to learn. Results found at the group level and at the individual level the strength of teacher emphasis on class content predicted student autonomy; student autonomy predicted student motivation to learn.(AU)

Analysis of the Factors That Influence a Quality Physical Education in Mexico: School Supervision's Perspective.

Different international organizations have spoken out in favor of the value of physical activity in the integral development of children and adolescents, which is why different guidelines have been established for governments to facilitate quality Physical Education. In this sense, the objective of this study was to analyze the factors that influence the performance of PE teachers, from the perspective of pedagogical technical advisors and school district supervisors from various school zones from the State of Chihuahua. This was a transversal study, with a qualitative approach and phenomenological focus, which was chosen because it allows the understanding of these aspects from a unique and unrepeatable process; data collection was carried out through focus groups in which PE ATP supervisors participated and data were collaboratively analyzed. The main results indicated that Physical Education does not have the same importance as other subjects, a situation that is reflected in: constant curricular reforms, administrative inconsistencies, dependence on the school organization, and being seldom taken into account in decision-making. It was concluded that strict public policies are required to be applied uniformly throughout the country, as well as privilege Physical Education within the Basic Education curriculum in Mexico.

Evidence of Validity and Reliability of the Lasher and Faulkender Anxiety about Aging Scale in Mexican Older Adults.

Anxiety about aging is an important mediating factor in attitudes and behavior toward elderly individuals as well as a mediating factor in the adjustment to one's own aging processes. The aim of this study was to analyze the factor structure, internal consistency and factorial invariance by sex of the Lasher and Faulkender Anxiety about Aging Scale. The sample consisted of 601 Mexican older adults, 394 women and 207 men, with a mean age of 70.69 ± 8.10 years. The factor structure of the questionnaire was analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis. Analyses show that a four-factor structure is feasible and adequate. The four-factor structure (fear of the elderly, psychological concerns, physical appearance and fear of loss), according to statistical and substantive criteria, showed adequate reliability and validity indicators. However, the obtained model does not fully coincide with that proposed by the questionnaire authors, although it continues to support the multi-factor component of anxiety about aging. On the other hand, the factor structure, the factor loadings and the intercepts are considered invariant in the two populations (men and women); however, there are differences between populations on the means of the physical appearance and fear of loss factors.

V Coloquio Internacional de Psicología del Deporte Público REDDECA. Composición e invarianza factorial del Autoinforme de Barreras para la Práctica de Ejercicio Físico (ABPEF-M) en universitarios mexicanos deportistas / V Coloquio Internacional de Psicología del Deporte Público REDDECA. Composition and factorial invariance of the Self Report Barriers for the Practice of Physical Activity Scale (ABPEF-M) in Mexican university athletes / V Coloquio Internacional de Psicología del Deporte Público REDDECA. Estrutura e invariancia fatorial do Autoinforme de Barreiras pala Prática de Exercício Físico (ABPEF-M) em universitários atletas mexicanos

El presente estudio analiza las propiedades psicométricas propuestos por Rodríguez-Villalobos, Viciana, Tristán y Blanco (2017) para el Autoinforme de Barreras para la Práctica de Ejercicio Físico (ABPEF-M) en hombres y mujeres deportistas universitarios. La muestra total fue de 413 universitarios mexicanos deportistas 174 mujeres y 239 hombres, con edades comprendidas entre 18-26 años (M = 20.76; DE = 2.06). La estructura factorial del cuestionario se analizó mediante análisis factoriales confirmatorios. Los análisis, muestran que una estructura tetrafactorial (imagen corporal, fatiga, obligaciones y ambiente) es viable y adecuada tanto para la muestra total como para las poblaciones de hombres y mujeres. La estructura de cuatro factores, atendiendo a criterios estadísticos y sustantivos, ha mostrado adecuados indicadores de ajuste de fiabilidad y validez. Además, la estructura factorial, las cargas factoriales y los interceptos se consideran invariantes de acuerdo al género; sin embargo, no se encontraron diferencias entre hombres y mujeres deportistas en cuanto su percepción sobre la presencia de barreras en las cuatro dimensiones estudiadas

The aim of this research was to analyze the psychometric properties proposed by Rodríguez-Villalobos et al. (2017) for the Barriers for the Practice of Physical Activity Scale (ABPEF-M) in university athletes mens and women. The total sample has been composed by 413 Mexican university athletes, 174 women and 239 mens, with ages from 18-26 years (M = 20.76, SD = 2.06). The factor structure of questionnaire has been analized through the confirmatory factor analysis. This analysis shows that a tetrafactorial structure (body image, fatigue, obligations, and environment) is viable and adequate for the total sample and the populations of mens and woman. The four factors structure, according to statistical and substantive criteria, has shown adequate indicators of reliability and validity adjustment. On the other hand, the factorial structure, the factorial loads and the intercepts are considered invariant according to the variable gender; however, no differences were found between mens and women athletes in their perception of the presence of barriers in the four dimensions studied

O objetivo deste estudo foi examinar a estructura e invariância de gênero Auto-relato de Barreiras à Prática de Exercício Físico (ABPEF-M) proposto por Rodríguez-Villalobos et al. (2017) em atletas universitários mexicanos. A amostra total foi de 413 atletas mexicanos universitários, 174 mulheres e 239 homens, com idades entre 18-26 anos (M = 20.76; DP = 2.06). A estrutura fatorial do questionário foi analisada por análises fatoriais confirmatórias. Os resultados mostraram que uma estrutura de quatro fatores (imagem corporal/ ansiedade social físico, fadiga/ preguiça, obrigações/ falta de tempo, e meio ambiente/ instalações) é viável e adequado tanto para a amostra total e para as populações de homens e mulheres. Com base em critérios estatísticos e substantivos, a estrutura de quatro fatores mostrou adequada confiabilidade e validade dos indicadores de ajuste. Além disso, a estrutura fatorial, as cargas fatoriais e os interceptos eram invariantes de acordo com o gênero. Não foram encontradas diferenças entre atletas homens e mulheres na sua percepção da presença de barreiras nas quatro dimensões estudadas

Autoconcepto físico, género y cuidado de la salud en universitarios mexicanos / Autoconceito físico, genero e cuidado de saude em universitários mexicanos / Physical self-concept, gender and health care in Mexican university students

Esta investigación, mediante modelos de ecuaciones estructurales, analiza los efectos directos e indirectos del género y el cuidado de la salud sobre el autoconcepto físico. La muestra total fue de 938 universitarios mexicanos, con una edad media de 20.46 años (DE=1.83). Los resultados indican que el género y los hábitos saludables son las variables con mayor poder explicativo sobre la competencia motora y el atractivo físico. También destaca la capacidad mediadora del estrés entre los hábitos no saludables y el autoconcepto físico. Futuras investigaciones deberían replicar estos hallazgos en muestras más amplias (AU)

This research, through structural equation models, analyze the direct and indirect effects of gender and health care on physical self-concept. The total sample was of 938 Mexican university students, with an average age of 20.46 years (SD = 1.83). The proposed model obtains a satisfactory fit. Being significant the majority of the hypothesized relationships. Gender and healthy habits are the variables with greater explanatory power over motor competence and physical attractiveness. It also emphasizes the mediator capacity of stress between unhealthy habits and physical self-concept. Future research should replicate these findings in larger samples (AU)

Nesta pesquisa, mediante modelos de ecuações estricturais, analisa os efeitos direitos e indireitos do gênero e cuidado da saúde sobre o autoconceito físico. A muestra total foi de 938 universitários mexicanos com uma edade promedio de 20.46 anos (DE=1.83). O modelo proposo consigue um ajuste satisfatório. São significativas a mayoría das relações hipóteseadas. O gênero e hábitos saudáveis são as variáveis com maior poder explicativo sobre a competência motora e atrativo físico. Também sobressai a capacidadae mediadora do stress dos hábitos não saudáveis e do autoconceito físico. Outras investigações deberíam replicar estos achados em mostras maiores (AU)

Composición factorial del Multidimensional Body Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ) en universitarios mexicanos / Composição fatorial da versão espanhola do multidimensional body self relations questionnaire em universitários mexicanos / Factor composition of the Multidimensional Body Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ) in Mexican university students

El presente estudio pretendió replicar los resultados psicométricos propuestos por Botella, Ribas y Ruiz para la versión española del Multidimensional Body Self Relations Questionnaire en una muestra de universitarios mexicanos. Participaron un total de 1539 universitarios con una edad media de 20.56 años (DE=1.88). La estructura del cuestionario se analizó a través de análisis factoriales exploratorios y confirmatorios. Los resultados mostraron que una estructura de dos factores (importancia subjetiva de la apariencia física e importancia subjetiva de la forma física) es viable y adecuada. Esta estructura atendió a criterios estadísticos y sustantivos, mostrando adecuados indicadores de ajuste de fiabilidad y validez. Sin embargo, el modelo obtenido no coincide con el planteado por Botellay colaboradores. Futuras investigaciones deberían replicar estos hallazgos en muestras más amplias (AU)

The aim of this study was to analyze if psychometric results proposed by Botella, Ribas and Ruiz for the Spanish version of the Multidimensional Body Self Relations Questionnaire could be replicated in Mexican university students. A total of 1539 university students participated in this study with a mean age of 20.56 years (SD = 1.88). The factor structure of the questionnaire was analyzed trough exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Results showed a feasible and adequate structure of two factors (subjective importance of the physical appearance and subjective importance of the physical shape), with adequate fit indices of reliability and validity, according to statistical and substantive criteria. However, the obtained model does not coincide with that proposed by Botella et al. Future research should replicate these findings in wider samples (AU)

O presente estudo pretendeu replicar os resultados psicométricos propostos por Botella, Ribas e Ruiz para a versão espanhola do Multidimensional Body Self Relations Questionnaire em uma amostra de universitários mexicanos. Participaram um total de 1539 universitários com uma idade média de 20,56 anos (DP = 1,88). A estrutura do questionário analisou-se através de análises fatoriais exploratórios e confirmatórios. Os resultados mostraram que uma estrutura de dois fatores (importância subjetiva da aparência física e importância subjetiva da forma física) é viável e adequada. Esta estrutura atendeu a critérios estadísticos y substantivos, mostrando adequados indicadores de ajuste de fiabilidade e validez. Porém, o modelo obtendo no coincide com o apresentado por Botella et al. Futuras investigações deveriam replicar estos achados em amostras mais grandes (AU)